Introduction to Django

Django is a high-level Python web framework that enables rapid development with clean, reusable, and maintainable code. This Django tutorial will guide you through the steps to get started. It follows the Model-View-Template (MVT) architecture and is known for its scalability, security, and efficiency.

Why Use Django?

• 🚀 Rapid Development – Reduces development time with built-in tools.
• 🔒 Security – Prevents common threats like SQL injection and CSRF attacks.
• 📊 Scalability – Handles high traffic and complex applications efficiently.
• 🔄 Reusability – Encourages modular code with reusable components.
• 🛠️ Built-in Features – Includes authentication, admin panel, ORM, and more.

Django Features

Django comes with many powerful features, including:

1. Object-Relational Mapping (ORM) – Works with relational databases like PostgreSQL, MySQL, and SQLite.
2. Admin Interface – Auto-generates a web-based admin panel for database management.
3. URL Routing – Maps URLs to views easily using urls.py.
4. Middleware Support – Handles authentication, security, and caching.
5. Built-in Authentication – Provides secure user authentication.
6. Scalability – Supports high-traffic applications efficiently.

Installing Django

To install Django, ensure Python is installed. Then, use:

pip install django

verify Installation:

django-admin --version

Django Applications & Use Cases

Django is widely used in various domains:

• Web Applications – E-commerce, social media platforms
• APIs & Backend Services – REST APIs using Django REST Framework
• Content Management Systems (CMS) – WordPress alternatives like Wagtail
• Data Science & AI – Machine learning model deployment
• Enterprise Applications – ERP, CRM systems
• Fintech & Banking – Secure transaction-based applications

Creating a Django Project

To start a new project:

django-admin startproject myproject
cd myproject
python manage.py runserver

Creating a Django App

A Django project can have multiple apps. To create an app:

python manage.py startapp myapp

Then, add 'myapp' to INSTALLED_APPS in settings.py.

Django Models (Database Handling)

Django’s ORM allows easy interaction with databases. Example model:

from django.db import models  

class Product(models.Model):  
    name = models.CharField(max_length=100)  
    price = models.FloatField()  
    stock = models.IntegerField()  

    def __str__(self):  
        return self.name  

To apply changes, run:

python manage.py makemigrations
python manage.py migrate

Django Views & URL Routing

Views handle request logic. Example view:

from django.http import HttpResponse  

def home(request):  
    return HttpResponse("Hello, Django!")  

Define the URL pattern in urls.py:

from django.urls import path  
from . import views  

urlpatterns = [  
    path('', views.home, name='home'),  
]

Django Templates

Django Templates allow dynamic HTML rendering. Example:

index.html

  
  
  
      
  
  
    
Welcome to Django
  
  

Rendering Template in Views

from django.shortcuts import render  

def home(request):  
    return render(request, 'index.html')  

Working with Django Forms

Django simplifies form handling. Example:

from django import forms  

class ContactForm(forms.Form):  
    name = forms.CharField(max_length=100)  
    email = forms.EmailField()  
    message = forms.CharField(widget=forms.Textarea)  

Django Admin Panel

To access Django’s built-in admin panel, create an admin user:

python manage.py createsuperuser

Then, log in at http://127.0.0.1:8000/admin/.

Django REST Framework (DRF) for APIs

To create APIs, install DRF:

pip install djangorestframework

Example API View:

from rest_framework.response import Response  
from rest_framework.decorators import api_view  

@api_view(['GET'])  
def api_home(request):  
    return Response({"message": "Hello, API!"})  

Deploying a Django Project

To deploy Django, use Heroku, AWS, or DigitalOcean.

Deployment Steps

1. Install Production Dependencies

pip install gunicorn whitenoise

2. Update settings.py

ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['yourdomain.com']

3. Run Migrations & Start Server

python manage.py migrate
python manage.py runserver

Django vs. Other Web Frameworks

Career Opportunities with Django

Django is widely used in web development, making it a valuable skill for various job roles. Below is a table highlighting common Django-related careers, along with their estimated salary ranges in India (INR) and the USA (USD).

Why Consider a Career in Django?

• 🌍 Global Demand: Companies worldwide use Django for web applications, REST APIs, and data-driven projects.
• 💰 Competitive Salaries: Offers lucrative salary packages, especially for experienced developers.
• 🏆 Versatile Opportunities: Work in startups, MNCs, or freelance as a Django specialist.
• 📈 Growing Industry: Demand for Python and Django professionals is increasing, making it a future-proof career.

How to Start Your Career in Django?

1. Learn Python & Django: Master Django fundamentals, including models, views, templates, and REST APIs.
2. Build Projects: Create real-world applications like e-commerce websites, blogs, and APIs.
3. Contribute to Open Source: Gain experience and recognition by contributing to Django-related projects.
4. Apply for Jobs: Use platforms like LinkedIn, Indeed, and GitHub Jobs to find Django-based roles.
5. Stay Updated: Follow Django’s official documentation and community forums for the latest trends.

Additional Topics:

• URL Processing
• Python Tools and Utilities

Interview Questions:

1. What is Django’s architecture?(Infosys)

Answer:

Django follows MVT (Model-View-Template) architecture, where models define data, views handle business logic, and templates render the frontend.

2. What are middleware in Django?(TCS)

Answer:

Middleware are functions that process requests and responses globally before they reach views, used for authentication, security, and performance optimization.

3. How does Django handle database migrations?(Amazon)

Answer:

Django’s ORM uses makemigrations to track changes and migrate to apply them to the database.

Play with Django

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